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Automotive High and Low Voltage Components Electrical Performance Testing Analysis

Key Link for Safety, Compliance, and Quality Assurance

Safety Risks
Regulatory Requirements
Industry Trends

Necessity Analysis

Safety Risks

Automotive electrical system failures can lead to serious safety incidents such as short circuits, overheating, and fires. Statistics show that approximately 24% of vehicle recalls are related to electrical system issues.

  High-voltage system failures can cause electric shock risks, with voltages potentially reaching 400V-800V

Electrical performance testing can effectively identify potential risks such as insulation failure, abnormal contact resistance, and electromagnetic interference.

Regulatory Requirements

Major global automotive markets have established strict electrical performance testing standards:

  • China: GB 18384-2020 Electric Vehicle Safety Requirements
  • EU: UNECE R100 Electric Vehicle Powertrain Battery System Safety Regulations
  • USA: FMVSS 305 Electric-Powered Vehicles: Electrolyte Spillage and Electrical Shock Protection

Products failing certification will face market access restrictions.

Industry Trends

  Voltage Increase

800V high-voltage platforms becoming standard for high-end electric vehicles

  Intelligence

Exponential growth in complexity of electronic and electrical architecture

  Globalization

Increased need for international harmonization of testing standards

Domestic and International Standards Comparison

Test Type Chinese Standards International Standards Main Differences
Electrical Load Test

GB/T 28046.2-2019

Superimposed AC Voltage Test

Frequency Range: 50Hz-25kHz

Limits: Upp=1V/4V/10V (24V system)/2V (12V system)

Test conducted using triangular and logarithmic frequency sweeps

ISO 16750-2:2023

Superimposed AC Voltage Test

Frequency Range: f1 and f2, 10Hz-200kHz

Limits: Upp=6V (12V system)/10V (24V system)/3V/2V/1V; Ipp=10A/15A

First perform a reference test with 2% logarithmic steps, then perform injection test based on the voltage ripple UR value determined by the reference test

Differences in Test Requirements
Insulation Resistance

GB 18384 -2020

DC Circuit: ≥100Ω/V

AC Circuit: ≥500Ω/V

DC and AC B-level voltage circuits connected conductively: ≥500Ω/V

Combined circuit of AC circuit with additional protective structure: ≥100Ω/V

ISO 6469-3:2021

DC Circuit: ≥100Ω/V

AC Circuit: ≥500Ω/V

DC and AC B-level voltage circuits connected conductively: ≥500Ω/V

Combined circuit of AC circuit with additional protective structure: ≥100Ω/V

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Battery Test

GB 38031-2020

Overcharge

First perform standard charging, then charge with constant current ≥I1 to 1.1 times the charge termination voltage or 115% SOC, stop charging, and observe for 1 hour at test ambient temperature

IEC 62133-2:2021

Overcharge

Test ambient temperature 20℃±5℃, discharge to termination discharge voltage at 0.2ItA, then charge at 2ItA current to 1.4 times the upper charge voltage limit

Differences in Test Requirements

Mainstream Automaker Standard Requirements

Mercedes-Benz

  • High Voltage Component Testing: MBN LV123 Standard
  • Insulation Resistance: High Voltage Components ≥5MΩ
  • EMC: Corporate Standard MBN 10284

Volkswagen

  • High Voltage Component Testing: VW 80300 Standard
  • Insulation Resistance: Not lower than component performance specification requirements
  • EMC: Corporate Standard VW TL81000

Test Items and Equipment

Test Items

 Insulation Resistance Test

Measure resistance value between live parts and accessible conductive parts to evaluate insulation performance

 Withstand Voltage Test

Apply high voltage to verify dielectric strength of insulating materials and detect potential breakdown risks

 Electromagnetic Compatibility Test

Evaluate the ability of equipment to operate normally in an electromagnetic environment without causing interference to other equipment

 Temperature Rise Test

Measure temperature changes of components under rated operating conditions to evaluate thermal management performance

Test Equipment

 Insulation Resistance Tester

Can output 500V/1000V DC voltage, measurement range up to 0.1MΩ-10GΩ

 Withstand Voltage Tester

Outputs high voltage, up to 5kV maximum

 EMC Test System

Includes anechoic chamber, receiver, antenna, power amplifier, etc.

 Data Acquisition Equipment

Data acquisition equipment, temperature measurement range -20°C~1500°C

Test System

Standard Support

  • ISO 16750-2:2023
  • VW 80000:2021
  • MBN LV124-1 2013
  • ISO 21780:2020
  • GB/T 45120-2024
  • MBN LV148 2013
  • ......

GreenTest Technology's PTS series electrical performance test system consists of the PTS series power system, load dump module (optional), micro-interruption module (optional), and other equipment. It is a modular, high-precision professional test platform specifically designed for electrical performance testing of automotive components.

High Integration Design

High Integration Design

Hardware and Software Integration

Hardware and Software Integration

Multi-Standard Compatibility

Multi-Standard Compatibility

Easy to Expand

Easy to Expand

Test System

PTS Series Power System

Test Software

VectWorks electrical performance test software is a software developed by GreenTest Technology based on the GtestWorks automated test platform. Its engine is based on dynamic test script execution. This infrastructure facilitates easy and direct configuration of test sequences without requiring specific knowledge of how to remotely control instruments. Users only need to configure the test items and test levels, offering high flexibility.

 

The software provides users with standard-compliant test templates, enabling remote parameter setting, data acquisition, waveform editing, configuration import/export, report viewing, etc., achieving automation of complex tests.

Core Functions

  • Closed-Loop Dynamic Testing

    Closed-Loop Dynamic Testing

    Integrated real-time monitoring and dynamic feedback mechanism

  • High and Low Voltage Superimposed Ripple Test

    High and Low Voltage Superimposed Ripple Test

    Complies with standard verification requirements (including Upp, Ipp ripple monitoring)

  • Power Supply and Amplifier Architecture

    Power Supply and Amplifier Architecture

    Compatible with bipolar power supply and amplifier architecture solutions

VectWorks Test Report

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